星载合成孔径雷达图像的飞机目标检测

针对大场景下星载合成孔径雷达(SAR)图像中飞机目标检测问题,提出一种端到端的飞机目标检测算法。先在大场景SAR图像中对机场目标进行粗检测,定位机场区域,再通过精确分割算法获得机场的精细区域。对机场区域中的飞机目标进行检测,采用一种基于Canny算子的边缘检测与卷积神经网络结合的飞机目标检测算法。通过飞机边缘检测、边界框预处理等操作确定潜在飞机目标在机场中的位置范围,采用基于GoogLeNet的卷积神经网络对可疑目标进行鉴别。利用星载合成孔径雷达数据对算法进行验证,证明该方法的有效性与实用性。     

Exploring mission planning method for a team of carrier aircraft launching

High-level efficiency and safety are of great significance for improving the fighting capability of an aircraft carrier. One way to enhance efficiency and safety level is to organize the carrier aircraft into combat effectively. This paper studies the mission planning problem for a team of carrier aircraft launching, and a novel distributed mission planning architecture is proposed. The architecture is hierarchical and is comprised of four levels, namely, the input level, the coordination level,the path planning level and the execution level. Realistic constraints in each level of the distributed architecture, such as the vortex flow effect, the crowd effect and the motion of aircraft, are considered in the model. To solve this problem, a distributed path planning algorithm based on the asynchronous planning strategy is developed. The proposed Mission Planning Approach for Carrier Aircraft Launching(MPACAL) is validated using the setups of the Nimitz-class aircraft carrier.Compared to the isolated planning architecture and the centralized planning architecture, the proposed distributed planning architecture has advantages in coordinating the launch tasks not only belonging to the same catapult but also when all different catapults are considered. The proposed MPACAL provides a modeling method for the flight deck operation on aircraft carrier.     

基于滚动时域的舰载机甲板运动轨迹跟踪最优控制

针对单机滑行、无杆牵引系统以及有杆牵引系统的轨迹跟踪问题进行了研究。首先，将这3种系统的轨迹跟踪问题转化为最优控制问题，并建立了连续非线性舰载机系统的轨迹跟踪模型。然后，基于第3类生成函数，提出了适用范围更广的全状态保辛伪谱算法，并结合滚动时域理论提出了基于滚动时域（RHC）的在线跟踪最优控制方法，证明了所提算法是一种保辛算法。基于所提出的在线跟踪算法，对单机滑行、无杆牵引系统、有杆牵引系统在存在初始偏差和持续外界扰动情况下的轨迹跟踪问题分别进行了研究，并与BackwardSweep方法进行对比分析，结果表明本文所提出的跟踪算法可以有效地解决具有控制约束和状态约束的轨迹跟踪问题，并可以更高的跟踪精度和计算效率对标准轨迹进行跟踪，可完全满足实时跟踪的要求。最后，分别从初始偏差和持续外界扰动的角度研究了这3种不同方式的跟踪特性。     

Kinematics-based four-state trajectory tracking control of a spherical mobile robot driven by a 2-DOF pendulum

Spherical mobile robot has compact structure, remarkable stability, and flexible motion,which make it have many advantages over traditional mobile robots when applied in those unmanned environments, such as outer planets. However, spherical mobile robot is a special highly under-actuated nonholonomic system, which cannot be transformed to the classic chained form. At present, there has not been a kinematics-based trajectory tracking controller which could track both the position states and the attitude states of a spherical mobile robot. In this paper, the four-state(two position states and two attitude states) trajectory tracking control of a type of spherical mobile robot driven by a 2-DOF pendulum was studied. A controller based on the shunting model of neurodynamics and the kinematic model was deduced, and its stability was demonstrated with Lyapunov's direct method. The control priorities of the four states were allocated according to the magnification of each state tracking error in order to firstly ensure the correct tracking of the position states. The outputs(motor speeds) of the controller were regulated according to the maximum speeds and the maximum accelerations of the actuation motors in order to solve the speed jump problem caused by initial state errors, and continuous and bounded outputs were obtained. The effectiveness including the anti-interference ability of the proposed trajectory tracking controller was verified through MATLAB simulations.     

双驱动技术在超大型测量机系统中的应用

根据超大型测量机的结构与运动特点,将双光栅、双驱动技术应用到超大型测量机系统中,实现了超大型测量机双轴运动同步,给出了提高超大型测量机精度的方法。     

大型水陆两栖飞机抗浪能力研究

阐述了大型灭火/水上救援水陆两栖飞机高抗浪船体设计方法，对飞机起飞过程中的水阻力、滑行稳定性和波浪运动响应进行了研究。通过对比分析，发现断阶喷溅形态是影响水阻力出现第2峰值的关键因素，提出了水阻力曲线出现第2峰值的条件；分析了在纵倾角-速度图中不同区域滑行时飞机纵倾角响应特性，明确了飞机在典型状态的稳定边界；通过研究波长、速度对飞机纵倾角、飞高和机身垂向过载的影响，确定了飞机在波浪水面发生剧烈运动响应时对应的波长范围。     

基于EtherCat总线的高速多轴联动智能弯管机控制系统

弯管机作为管件弯曲成型的主要机械设备,广泛应用于各行业领域。随着竞争力水平提高,市场对弯管机在效率和自动化程度方面提出了更高的要求。针对侧弯式弯管机的特点,提出一种基于EtherCat总线的伺服运动控制系统。该控制系统有着更强大的数据处理能力,能保证各个轴的动态连续性和控制精度,充分满足各种不同大小、不同角度的管件弯管需求。     

基于WPF的民机驾驶舱人机接口快速原型技术

新一代Windows呈现基础(WPF)技术以其丰富的界面表现力和功能扩展能力被广泛应用于图形处理和界面设计上。WPF技术应用于民机驾驶舱人机接口快速原型的开发过程中,将界面与逻辑的开发完全分离,提升开发效率,增强模型可复用性。基于此流程创建的人机接口快速原型可用于显示系统研发过程中的早期设计阶段,确认需求的合理性,优化人机接口设计,减少后期显示系统软件研制过程中的更改,缩短开发周期,具有重要的工程应用价值。     

仅用作航空器追踪的北斗机载设备适航要求分析

北斗卫星导航系统（简称北斗）在民用航空器中安装应用的前提是明确和符合北斗机载设备的适航要求。但由于全球定位系统（GPS）与北斗在星座结构、信号体制及功能上的不同，导致目前国际上全球卫星导航系统（GNSS）相关适航标准不适用于北斗设备。标准的缺失严重制约北斗民航产业发展，急需进行自主研究与制定。针对北斗在民用航空器中应用第一阶段的功能及场景，即仅用作航空器追踪，分析当前可参考标准的适用性，明确适航要求的制订策略及框架，综合考虑适航安全性、民航对北斗机载设备的紧迫需求，未来机载设备的发展方向，以及当前工业水平，提出一套仅用作航空器追踪的北斗机载设备适航要求，形成审定要素及评审要求，可支持工业方对适航标准的理解。     

基于机器学习的导弹干扰试验效果评估实证研究

针对复杂电磁环境下导弹干扰试验影响因素众多,难以量化,试验数据采集困难以及实验数据中普遍存在类不平衡等问题,基于机器学习创建导弹试验干扰效果评估模型,采用随机森林、支持向量机、朴素贝叶斯、多层感知机等常见模型对导弹试验干扰效果进行评估。特别针对小数据样本中的类不平衡问题提出 2阶段分类模型,采用过采样方式解决类不平衡问题并采用随机森林进行分类。基于开源的导弹干扰效果评估数据,通过实证研究说明,基于过采样的随机森林模型在干扰效果评估问题中具有较强的泛化能力和鲁棒性,在 AUC指标上,该模型比多层感知机模型在中位数上最多提高 60%,建议在后续的试验中采用该模型进行导弹干扰效果评估。